Tier 1: Core Questions (30–35 Questions)
1. What is SAP? Advantages?
Answer:
SAP (Systems, Applications, and Products) is an ERP system that integrates business processes across finance, logistics, HR, and more. Advantages: real-time data processing, seamless integration across modules, scalable, cloud-compatible, and supports best business practices.
2. ECC vs S/4HANA — differences?
Answer: ECC is SAP’s traditional ERP suite using relational databases. S/4HANA is the next-gen, in-memory database ERP. Key differences: simplified tables, Fiori UX, real-time analytics, faster processing, AI integration, reduced redundancy.
3. Explain FI / FICO module functionalities.
Answer: FI handles financial accounting (GL, AP/AR, asset accounting). CO (Controlling) manages internal cost tracking, cost centers, and profitability analysis. FICO integrates with other modules like MM and SD for end-to-end financial flow.
4. What is a Material Master? Key views?
Answer: Material Master stores all information about a material. Key views: Basic data, Purchasing, Accounting, MRP, Sales, Quality, Plant data. It integrates with MM, PP, SD, and QM modules.
5. Purchase Requisition vs Purchase Order
Answer: PR is an internal request to procure material. PO is a formal order sent to a vendor. PR triggers procurement workflow; PO triggers goods receipt and invoice verification.
6. GR/IR Account — purpose?
Answer: GR/IR ensures proper accounting for goods received but not yet invoiced. It prevents discrepancies between MM (material management) and FI (finance) postings.
7. What are T-codes? Difference between T-code and report.
Answer: T-code is a shortcut to SAP transactions (e.g., ME21N for PO creation). Reports display data from tables, often customizable, and may not trigger a transaction.
8. Sales order & delivery process.
Answer: Sales order → Delivery → Picking → Goods Issue → Billing → Payment. Integrated with FI and MM modules for inventory and finance updates.
9. Posting Key, GL accounts, Reconciliation accounts.
Answer: Posting key determines debit/credit entry and account type. GL accounts store financial data. Reconciliation accounts automatically update GL when sub-ledger entries occur.
10. SAP authorization, roles, and profiles.
Answer: Roles define access to T-codes and functions. Profiles contain authorizations. Authorizations control user access to data and transactions.
2: Scenario / Problem-Solving Questions (30–35 Questions)
11. Goods Receipt posted but stock not updated — how to troubleshoot?
Answer: Check movement type, plant and storage location settings, material master configuration, batch/serial number info, and MIGO transaction logs.
12. Invoice not posting in FI — resolution steps?
Answer: Verify vendor account, GR/IR clearing, document type, posting key, and open items. Check MM-FI integration settings.
13. MM-FI integration example.
Answer: Posting a Goods Receipt for a PO automatically updates inventory and creates a financial entry in FI using valuation class and account determination.
14. Release strategy approval stuck — what to check?
Answer: Release codes, condition records, workflow logs, and authorized approvers. Also, verify release procedure configuration in customizing.
15. MRP not creating planned orders — troubleshooting.
Answer: Check material master MRP type, plant settings, BOM, routing, planning horizon, and lot sizing.
16. SAP BTP integration scenario with external API.
Answer: Connect via SAP Cloud Connector, use Integration Suite for mapping, secure with OAuth, and deploy side-by-side extensions for real-time data sync.
17. SAP Fiori app integration.
Answer: Connect Fiori frontend to backend via OData services. Ensure role-based access, responsive UI, and testing across devices.
18. Predictive insights using SAP AI (Joule).
Answer: Use AI to predict supplier delays, optimize inventory, automate contract reviews, and generate predictive reports across modules.
19. Handling data discrepancies between SD and FI.
Answer: Check pricing procedure, billing document posting, account determination, and reconciliation accounts to ensure alignment between modules.
20. Workflow error troubleshooting.
Answer: Review workflow logs, verify steps, check authorization, and ensure proper triggers. Test in sandbox before deployment.
3: Trends & Differentiators (20–25 Questions)
21. Latest S/4HANA features?
Answer: Simplified tables, real-time analytics, Fiori UX, embedded AI, faster processing, reduced data redundancy, predictive insights, and cloud readiness.
22. SAP BTP services overview?
Answer: Business Technology Platform includes Integration Suite, Extension Suite, Analytics Cloud, AI/ML services, HANA Cloud DB, and mobile app development tools.
23. Microservices / API-based extensions?
Answer: Allows lightweight side-by-side apps, reusable APIs, modular upgrades, and faster deployment without impacting core SAP systems.
24. Fiori / UI5 modern UX?
Answer: Role-based, mobile-friendly apps with responsive dashboards, interactive tiles, and real-time visualization.
25. ECC → S/4HANA migration challenges?
Answer: Data cleansing, custom code adaptation, testing, process simplification, user training, and system downtime minimization.
26. Cloud adoption strategies in SAP 2025?
Answer: Hybrid deployment, phased migration, side-by-side extensions, SaaS solutions, and cloud entitlements for cost optimization.
27. Generative AI in SAP processes?
Answer: Automates report generation, contract analysis, procurement predictions, supplier evaluation, and predictive maintenance.
28. SAP integration with non-SAP systems?
Answer: Via REST, SOAP, OData APIs, IDocs, and CPI middleware; enables seamless data flow across ERP, CRM, and external applications.
29. Event-driven architecture in SAP?
Answer: Triggers automated actions (stock change, invoice posting) for real-time updates and reduces manual intervention.
30. Predictive analytics / intelligent automation?
Answer: Forecasts demand, optimizes production, predicts financial risks, and improves decision-making using AI embedded in SAP modules.
31. How to keep SAP skills updated in 2025?
Answer: Follow SAP community blogs, participate in sandbox projects, learn BTP, Fiori, AI/Joule, and cloud integration concepts.
32. Difference between traditional SAP workflow and Intelligent RPA?
Answer: Traditional workflow automates routine approvals; Intelligent RPA uses AI/ML to handle complex repetitive tasks and predictive actions.
33. Key differentiators for candidates in 2025 SAP interviews?
Answer: Cross-module expertise, S/4HANA migration experience, knowledge of BTP/Fiori, AI/predictive analytics, real project examples.
34. How SAP supports sustainability / ESG reporting?
Answer: Embedded analytics and reporting in S/4HANA help track emissions, resource usage, and compliance metrics.
35. Real-time finance reporting in S/4HANA?
Answer: Enabled by HANA in-memory processing, eliminating aggregates, providing instant balance sheets, P&L, and cash flow analysis.
36. SAP Analytics Cloud usage?
Answer: Combines planning, BI, predictive analytics, and data visualization in a cloud platform integrated with SAP and external data sources.
37. AI in HR / SuccessFactors?
Answer: Automates candidate screening, predicts employee attrition, recommends learning paths, and optimizes workforce planning.
38. Predictive maintenance using SAP PM?
Answer: Uses IoT sensors and AI to predict equipment failure, schedule maintenance, and reduce downtime.
39. Supply Chain / IBP trend in 2025?
Answer: AI-driven forecasting, integrated inventory planning, real-time tracking, and automated supplier collaboration.
40. Why modular SAP design is advantageous?
Answer: Companies can choose only required modules, scale quickly, implement cloud or hybrid solutions, and integrate easily with external systems.
Module-Specific / Technical Questions(10–15 Questions)
41. ABAP basics?
Answer: ABAP is SAP’s programming language for custom reports, enhancements, interfaces, forms, and workflows. Key constructs include data declarations, loops, conditions, and modularization (FUNCTION, METHOD).
42. BAPI – what and why?
Answer: Business Application Programming Interface allows external systems to read/write SAP data programmatically. Used for integration and automation.
43. IDocs vs ALE?
Answer: IDocs are data containers for messages between systems. ALE (Application Link Enabling) manages distribution and communication of IDocs across SAP systems.
44. CPI (Cloud Platform Integration)?
Answer: Middleware service on BTP to connect SAP and non-SAP systems using APIs, mapping, and transformation logic.
45. SAP Security — key aspects?
Answer: Roles, profiles, authorizations, Segregation of Duties (SoD), user provisioning, and secure access management.
46. SAP Basis role?
Answer: System administration, database management, client copy, transport management, performance tuning, and connectivity setup.
47. SAP HANA optimization tips?
Answer: Use columnar tables, minimize joins, leverage in-memory processing, use calculation views, and optimize SQL queries.
48. SAP Analytics Cloud dashboards?
Answer: Create interactive visualizations, KPIs, and predictive models integrated with S/4HANA, BTP, and external data.
49. Workflow approvals in SAP?
Answer: Automated routing of documents (PR, PO, leave requests) for approval based on roles, hierarchy, and release strategies.
50. Fiori app creation?
Answer: Build role-based apps using UI5 framework; connect to backend OData services; test responsiveness and security; deploy via Fiori Launchpad.
51. BTP extensions?
Answer: Side-by-side apps, cloud extensions, microservices, AI integration, and analytics dashboards that complement S/4HANA without affecting core.
52. SAP testing scenario — example?
Answer: Test end-to-end procurement process: PR → PO → GR → IR → FI posting; validate workflows, inventory updates, and GL reconciliation.
53. SAP cloud vs on-premise?
Answer: Cloud provides scalability, remote access, SaaS subscriptions, lower upfront costs. On-premise gives full control, customization, and security management.
54. How to handle customization vs standard SAP?
Answer: Prefer standard processes; customize only when necessary; document all changes; test thoroughly; ensure minimal upgrade impact.
55. Best practices for SAP integration projects?
Answer: Clear data mapping, sandbox testing, strong authorization management, performance tuning, phased deployment, and proper user training.
✅ Preparation Tips Recap
- Tiered Approach: Focus on Core → Scenario → Trends → Technical.
- Use Mini-Examples: Show real-world use of SAP modules.
- Stay Updated: Include latest trends like AI, cloud adoption, predictive analytics.
- Behavioral Questions: Use STAR (Situation, Task, Action, Result) method.
- Document Your Skills: Prepare to show sandbox/project experience for credibility.
Key Differentiators for Candidates
- Cross-module expertise (FI, MM, SD, PP, HR)
- S/4HANA migration and BTP/Fiori experience
- Knowledge of AI/Joule and predictive analytics
- Ability to troubleshoot real-world SAP scenarios
- Demonstrated project experience with mini-examples
I’ll be thinking about these points for a while.
I’m really glad to hear that! 😊
Hope the points help you in your upcoming SAP interviews. Let me know if you’d like a deeper dive into any specific module or topic!
Thanks for sharing. I read many of your blog posts, cool, your blog is very good.